What are the stages of pressure injuries to the skin from stage 1 to stage 4?

The correct sequence of pressure injury stages is essential for effective assessment and treatment in clinical settings. Starting with stage 1, we have "non-blanchable erythema," which signifies localized redness that does not turn white when pressed, indicating the beginning damage to the skin without any loss of integrity.

The second stage is characterized by "partial thickness skin loss," where the epidermis and possibly some of the dermis are affected. This stage may present as an open ulcer or blister.

Following this, "full thickness skin loss" describes the third stage, where damage extends through the entire dermis and into the subcutaneous tissue, presenting a deeper wound without exposed bone or muscle.

Finally, the fourth stage involves "full thickness skin and tissue loss," indicating extensive damage that includes not only skin but also underlying fascia, muscles, and possibly even bone, making it one of the most severe stages of pressure injuries.

This progression illustrates the increasing severity of tissue damage and the importance of early identification and intervention to prevent further complications.