Which of the following represents justice in healthcare ethics?

Justice in healthcare ethics fundamentally concerns the fair and equitable distribution of resources and treatment among all patients. The principle of justice seeks to ensure that individuals receive fair access to healthcare services regardless of their circumstances, such as socio-economic status, race, or geographical location.

When considering the context of healthcare ethics, providing fairness embodies the essence of justice. It emphasizes the importance of treating all patients equally and making decisions that do not favor one group over another. This ensures a level playing field in accessing healthcare services, ultimately promoting better health outcomes for all communities.

Other principles, such as fulfilling promises, protecting individual rights, and encouraging patient autonomy, are essential to healthcare ethics but relate more closely to other ethical considerations rather than justice specifically. Fulfilling promises pertains to fidelity, protecting rights focuses on respecting the rights and privileges of individuals, and encouraging autonomy emphasizes the importance of supporting patients in making informed decisions about their own care. Each of these plays a crucial role in the broader framework of healthcare ethics, but it is fairness in the distribution of healthcare resources and treatment that primarily embodies justice.